Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis complicated by carbimazole-associated myositis

BMJ Case Rep. 2024 Sep 24;17(9):e260722. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2024-260722.

Abstract

A male of East Asian background in his 30s presented to the emergency department with acute onset global muscle weakness, elevated creatine kinase, profound hypokalaemia and hyperthyroidism. A diagnosis of thyrotoxic periodic paralysis was made and the myopathy resolved promptly with potassium replacement. However, 3 months after being commenced on carbimazole for hyperthyroidism, the patient developed myalgias without weakness associated with an elevated creatine kinase. The myositis panel was negative, while a muscle biopsy showed nonspecific, mild myopathic changes with minimal lymphocytic inflammation. As a change in therapy from carbimazole to propylthiouracil resulted in prompt symptom improvement and normalisation of serum creatine kinase levels, a presumptive diagnosis of carbimazole-induced myositis was made. Genetic testing for hereditary skeletal muscle channelopathies did not identify any gene of interest.

Keywords: Endocrine system; Muscle disease; Thyroid disease; Thyrotoxicosis.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Antithyroid Agents* / adverse effects
  • Carbimazole* / adverse effects
  • Carbimazole* / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Hyperthyroidism / drug therapy
  • Male
  • Muscle Weakness / chemically induced
  • Myositis* / chemically induced
  • Thyrotoxicosis / chemically induced

Substances

  • Carbimazole
  • Antithyroid Agents