The impact of body mass index on the progression-free survival of CDK 4/6 inhibitors in metastatic breast cancer patients

Future Oncol. 2024;20(38):3099-3105. doi: 10.1080/14796694.2024.2402212. Epub 2024 Sep 24.

Abstract

Aim: Endocrine therapy (ET) plus cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitors is a standard treatment for hormone receptor (HR) positive HER-2-negative metastatic breast cancer patients. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of body mass index (BMI) on progression-free survival (PFS) in patients receiving ET plus CDK 4/6 inhibitors.Materials & methods: Patients with metastatic HR-positive breast cancer receiving CDK 4/6 inhibitors were included in the study. A total of 116 patients were retrospectively evaluated. Patients were divided into three groups according to BMI level: normal weight (group 1) 18.5-24.9 kg/m2, overweight (group 2) 25-29.9 kg/m2 and obese (group 3): ≥30 kg/m2. Median follow-up was 10.83 months. Comparisons of PFS and BMI categories were performed by Kaplan-Meier curve and log-rank test.Results: PFS was 9.3 (5.3-13.4) months in normal weight patients and 11.1 (9.7-12.56) months in obese patients and was not reached in overweight patients. This difference was statistically significant (p = 0.02).Conclusion: Low BMI has been shown to have a negative prognostic effect on survival in patients with metastatic breast cancer and overweight patients had a longer PFS.

Keywords: CDK 4/6 inhibitors; body mass index; endocrine therapy; metastatic breast cancer; progression free survival.

Plain language summary

[Box: see text].

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use
  • Body Mass Index*
  • Breast Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Breast Neoplasms* / mortality
  • Breast Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4* / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 6* / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Metastasis
  • Obesity / complications
  • Progression-Free Survival*
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors* / therapeutic use
  • Retrospective Studies

Substances

  • Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4
  • Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 6
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • CDK4 protein, human
  • CDK6 protein, human