Modulation of m6A RNA modification by DAP3 in cancer cells

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2024 Oct;121(40):e2404509121. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2404509121. Epub 2024 Sep 24.

Abstract

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation is a prevalent RNA modification that significantly impacts RNA metabolism and cancer development. Maintaining the global m6A levels in cancer cells relies on RNA accessibility to methyltransferases and the availability of the methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine (SAM). Here, we reveal that death associated protein 3 (DAP3) plays a crucial role in preserving m6A levels through two distinct mechanisms. First, although DAP3 is not a component of the m6A writer complex, it directly binds to m6A target regions, thereby facilitating METTL3 binding. Second, DAP3 promotes MAT2A's last intron splicing, increasing MAT2A protein, cellular SAM, and m6A levels. Silencing DAP3 hinders tumorigenesis, which can be rescued by MAT2A overexpression. This evidence suggests DAP3's role in tumorigenesis, partly through m6A regulation. Our findings unveil DAP3's complex role as an RNA-binding protein and tumor promoter, impacting RNA processing, splicing, and m6A modification in cancer transcriptomes.

Keywords: DAP3; MAT2A; N6-methyladenosine (m6A); RNA splicing; cancer.

MeSH terms

  • Adenosine* / analogs & derivatives
  • Adenosine* / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / genetics
  • Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / metabolism
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Humans
  • Methionine Adenosyltransferase* / genetics
  • Methionine Adenosyltransferase* / metabolism
  • Methylation
  • Methyltransferases* / genetics
  • Methyltransferases* / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Neoplasms* / metabolism
  • RNA / genetics
  • RNA / metabolism
  • RNA Methylation
  • RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional
  • RNA Splicing / genetics
  • RNA-Binding Proteins / genetics
  • RNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism
  • S-Adenosylmethionine / metabolism

Substances

  • N-methyladenosine
  • Adenosine
  • Methyltransferases
  • METTL3 protein, human
  • MAT2A protein, human
  • Methionine Adenosyltransferase
  • S-Adenosylmethionine
  • Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins
  • RNA-Binding Proteins
  • RNA