Job Characteristic Profiles and Presenteeism Among Shift Nurses: A Latent Profile Analysis Based on the Job Demands-Resources Model

Abstract

Aim(s): To investigate job characteristic profiles based on the job demands-resources (JD-R) model and the association between job characteristic profiles and presenteeism.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: Data were collected from shift nurses in South Korea in January 2023 using an online survey. This study included 544 nurses working in tertiary and general hospitals in South Korea. The participants were classified into four job characteristic profiles based on the JD-R model using latent profile analysis. Multiple logistic and linear regression analyses were performed to examine the association between job characteristic profiles and presenteeism.

Results: Four profiles were derived from the latent profile analysis: low strain-low motivation, high strain-low motivation, low strain-high motivation and high strain-high motivation. The high strain-low motivation, low strain-high motivation and high strain-high motivation groups were 1.74, 1.37 and 3.51 times more likely to experience presenteeism than the low strain-low motivation group respectively. The number of days worked while sick and the level of reduced job productivity was also the highest in the high strain-high motivation group. In addition, general health, multimorbidities and insomnia were significant factors affecting presenteeism, number of days worked while sick and productivity loss among shift nurses.

Conclusions: This study found that even with higher levels of job resources, work environments with high levels of job demands were associated with higher rates of presenteeism.

Impact: Study findings suggest that various strategies are needed to improve the physical and mental health of shift nurses, and create a healthy organisational environment by reducing excessive job demands to reduce presenteeism and increase productivity.

Reporting method: STROBE guidelines.

Patient or public contribution: No patient or public contribution.

Keywords: job demand; job resource; latent profile analysis; presenteeism; shift nurses.