Impact of systolic dominant pulmonary venous flow morphology on outcomes after mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair

Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2024 Nov;104(5):1027-1036. doi: 10.1002/ccd.31232. Epub 2024 Sep 19.

Abstract

Background: The prognostic significance of intraprocedural pulsed-wave Doppler analysis of pulmonary venous flow (PVF) during mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) remains understudied. We aimed to investigate the prognostic value of systolic dominant-PVF (SD-PVF) morphology post-TEER.

Methods: In a retrospective analysis from December 2019 to December 2022, patients undergoing mitral TEER were categorized into SD-PVF and systolic blunting (SB)-PVF groups based on post-TEER morphology. The primary endpoint was a composite of all-cause mortality or heart failure hospitalization at 1 year. We investigated the association of PVF morphology post-TEER with the primary endpoint at 1 year using Cox regression and compared the prognostic accuracy of PVF variables through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.

Results: Among 187 patients (mean age 76.4 ± 10.5 years, 51.3% primary etiology), residual mitral regurgitation (MR) ≤mild was observed in 147 (82.4%) patients and 105 (56.2%) had SD-PVF post-TEER. Patients with SD-PVF had a lower incidence of >2+ residual MR after clip deployment, at 30 days (2.1% vs. 13.1%; p = 0.005) and at 1 year (1.4% vs. 9%; p = 0.08). SD-PVF post-TEER was independently associated with the primary endpoint (HR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.39-0.87; p = 0.009). ROC curve analysis of the prognostic accuracy of SD-PVF demonstrated an AUC of 0.64 (95% CI = 0.54-0.73), comparable to other quantitative measures of PVF.

Conclusion: Assessing PVF morphology after clip deployment offers a simple prognostic tool for patients undergoing mitral TEER. Multicenter cohorts will be necessary to further investigate its prognostic value.

Keywords: mitral regurgitation; mitral transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair; pulmonary venous flow.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Blood Flow Velocity
  • Cardiac Catheterization*
  • Echocardiography, Doppler, Pulsed
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency* / diagnostic imaging
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency* / physiopathology
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency* / surgery
  • Mitral Valve* / diagnostic imaging
  • Mitral Valve* / physiopathology
  • Mitral Valve* / surgery
  • Predictive Value of Tests*
  • Pulmonary Circulation
  • Pulmonary Veins* / diagnostic imaging
  • Pulmonary Veins* / physiopathology
  • Pulmonary Veins* / surgery
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Systole
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome