Changes of masseter muscle after mandible distraction osteogenesis in patients with Hemifacial microsomia: a retrospective study

Front Pediatr. 2024 Aug 26:12:1453270. doi: 10.3389/fped.2024.1453270. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Introduction: Mandible distraction osteogenesis (MDO) is widely used to reconstruct the mandible in patients with mild Hemifacial microsomia (HFM). However, the masseter's response to mandible distraction remains unclear.

Methods: In this study, we analyze the effect of the surgical intervention on masseter muscle by a retrospective analysis. The procedure consisted of a five-day latent period, a three-week distraction period, and a six-month consolidation period. CT data were manually segmented and measured with Mimics software before surgery, within 3 months, and more than 1 year postoperatively. Masseter volume, masseter length, masseter width, and mandible ramus height were measured and analyzed using paired t-test, Pearson, and Spearman correlation analysis.

Results: We included 21 patients with HFM who underwent mandible distraction osteogenesis from 2015 to 2020. The masseter volume on the affected side increased immediately after surgery from (6,505.33 ± 3,671.95) mm3 to (10,194.60 ± 5638.79) mm3, but decreased to (8,148.38 ± 3,472.57) mm3 at the second follow-up correlated to mandible ramus height (r = 0.395, P = 0.038). A similar trend was observed in changes in masseter length. Symmetry and width of masseter muscle had no longitudinal statistical significance.

Discussion: Masseter muscle involvement benefits from MDO in the short term. To achieve long-term efficacy, more attention should be paid to muscle reconstruction.

Keywords: CT; Hemifacial microsomia; mandible distraction osteogenesis; masseter muscle; quantitative analysis.

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work was supported by Clinical Research Plan of SHDC (SHDC2020CR3070B); Clinical Research Program of 9th People’s Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong university School of Medicine (JYLJ202108); Interdisciplinary Program of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (YG2022QN048); Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery supported by Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (22MC1940300); Nanjing Medical Science and Technology Development Foundation (grant no. ZKX21045).