Polysaccharide-based chondroitin sulfate macromolecule loaded hydrogel/scaffolds in wound healing- A comprehensive review on possibilities, research gaps, and safety assessment

Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Nov;279(Pt 3):135410. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135410. Epub 2024 Sep 6.

Abstract

Wound healing is an intricate multifactorial process that may alter the extent of scarring left by the wound. A substantial portion of the global population is impacted by non-healing wounds, imposing significant financial burdens on the healthcare system. The conventional dosage forms fail to improve the condition, especially in the presence of other morbidities. Thus, there is a pressing requirement for a type of wound dressing that can safeguard the wound site and facilitate skin regeneration, ultimately expediting the healing process. In this context, Chondroitin sulfate (CS), a sulfated glycosaminoglycan material, is capable of hydrating tissues and further promoting the healing. Thus, this comprehensive review article delves into the recent advancement of CS-based hydrogel/scaffolds for wound healing management. The article initially summarizes the various physicochemical characteristics and sources of CS, followed by a brief understanding of the importance of hydrogel and CS in tissue regeneration processes. This is the first instance of such a comprehensive summarization of CS-based hydrogel/scaffolds in wound healing, focusing more on the mechanistic wound healing process, furnishing the recent innovations and toxicity profile. This contemporary review provides a profound acquaintance of strategies for contemporary challenges and future direction in CS-based hydrogel/scaffolds for wound healing.

Keywords: Chondroitin sulfate; Hydrogel; Macromolecules; Polysaccharides; Scaffolds; Wound healing.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Chondroitin Sulfates* / chemistry
  • Evidence Gaps
  • Humans
  • Hydrogels* / chemistry
  • Polysaccharides / chemistry
  • Tissue Scaffolds / chemistry
  • Wound Healing* / drug effects

Substances

  • Chondroitin Sulfates
  • Hydrogels
  • Polysaccharides