Chronic bisphenol A induced neurotoxicity: Exposure risk, molecular fate within carp and its potential phytoremediation

Sci Total Environ. 2024 Dec 1:954:175876. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175876. Epub 2024 Sep 5.

Abstract

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine-disrupting toxicant commonly used in the plastics industry, as a result, it is present in large quantities in the environment. Therefore, current study was designed to assess BPA induced neurotoxicity and molecular fate within common carp (Cyprinus carpio), largely used edible fish. Following 6 weeks exposure to BPA 1/5th of 96 h LC50 (1.31 mg/L), brain exhibited oxidative damage, which was evidenced by compromised antioxidant system (CAT, SOD, GSH) and increased level of biomacromolecule peroxidation (MDA and 8-OHDG). Functional damage to the brain observed in the form of blood-brain barrier disruption (decreased tight junction gene expression) and nerve conduction impairment (reduced acetylcholinesterase activity). Mechanistically, apoptotic cell death indicated by characteristic alteration in key biomarkers (bcl-2, caspase, and p53-related gene family). Whereas, coadministration of powdered PP (pomegranate peel) (8 %) with BPA effectively mitigated the BPA toxicity, as evidenced by the restoration of the above-mentioned bioindicators. Thereby, BPA-induced neurotoxicity could be potentially detoxified by applying PP dietary enrichment.

Keywords: Detoxification; Emerging pollutant; Endocrine disruptor; Exposure risk; Molecular fate; Toxicity.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Benzhydryl Compounds* / toxicity
  • Biodegradation, Environmental
  • Brain / drug effects
  • Brain / metabolism
  • Carps*
  • Endocrine Disruptors / toxicity
  • Neurotoxicity Syndromes*
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects
  • Phenols* / toxicity
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical* / toxicity

Substances

  • bisphenol A
  • Phenols
  • Benzhydryl Compounds
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical
  • Endocrine Disruptors