Exploring Radiotherapy as a Promising Alternative for Managing Advanced Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: Rescuing Chemotherapy-Intolerant Patients

Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2024 Dec;22(6):102203. doi: 10.1016/j.clgc.2024.102203. Epub 2024 Aug 13.

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the safety and effectiveness of radiotherapy for advanced upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients intolerant to chemotherapy.

Methods: Data for 21 patients with advanced UTUC intolerant to chemotherapy were retrospectively collected. All patients were treated with conventionally fractionated radiotherapy (50-70 Gy/20-33 f) or partial-SABR boost to the lesions (50-60 Gy/20-25 f with tumor center boosted with 6-8 Gy/f, 3-5 f) for bulky tumors.

Results: The median age was 75 years (range, 58-87 years). Primary tumor resection was performed for all patients and none underwent metastatic resection. Seventeen (81%) patients had oligometastasis (1-5 metastases) at diagnosis. Eighteen (85.7%) received irradiation to all tumor lesions. Lymph node metastasis was predominant in the whole group (17/21). Other lesions were distributed as local recurrence (7/21), bone metastases (2/21) and abdominal wall/muscle (2/21). The median follow-up time was 38.5 months (interquartile range, 15.2-48.7 months). Rate of local control (LC), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of the whole group at 1 year were 90%, 46.6%, and 80.4%, respectively. At 3 years, LC, PFS and OS were 65.6%, 26.6%, and 40.9%, respectively. Fourteen patients developed acute mild gastrointestinal toxicity, generally of grade 1-2; 8 patients developed acute grade 1-2 hematological toxicity, consisting mainly of anemia and leukopenia. No grade 3 or higher acute or late toxicities were observed.

Conclusion: For patients with advanced UTUC who are not able to tolerate chemotherapy, radiotherapy is a safe treatment and can achieve good local tumor control.

Keywords: Advanced; Chemotherapy-intolerant; Radiotherapy; Salvage therapy; Upper tract urothelial carcinoma.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Carcinoma, Transitional Cell* / drug therapy
  • Carcinoma, Transitional Cell* / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Transitional Cell* / radiotherapy
  • Carcinoma, Transitional Cell* / secondary
  • Carcinoma, Transitional Cell* / therapy
  • Dose Fractionation, Radiation
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lymphatic Metastasis
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / pathology
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Urologic Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Urologic Neoplasms / pathology
  • Urologic Neoplasms / radiotherapy
  • Urologic Neoplasms / therapy