The impact of initial tumor bulk in DLBCL treated with DA-EPOCH-R vs. R-CHOP: a secondary analysis of alliance/CALGB 50303

Leuk Lymphoma. 2024 Dec;65(14):2199-2206. doi: 10.1080/10428194.2024.2393753. Epub 2024 Sep 5.

Abstract

The ideal treatment paradigm for bulky diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) remains uncertain. We investigated the impact of tumor bulk in patients treated with systemic therapy alone through Alliance/CALGB 50303. Data from this trial were obtained from the National Cancer Institute's NCTN/NCORP Data Archive. The study assessed the size of nodal sites and estimated progression-free survival (PFS) using Cox proportional hazards models. Stratified analysis factored in International Prognostic Index (IPI) risk scores. Out of 524 patients, 155 had pretreatment scans. Using a 7.5 cm cutoff, 44% were classified as bulky. Bulk did not significantly impact progression-free survival (PFS), whether measured continuously or at thresholds of >5 or >7.5 cm (p = 0.10-p = 0.99). Stratified analyses by treatment group and IPI risk group were also non-significant. In this secondary analysis, a significant association between bulk and PFS was not identified.

Keywords: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; initial tumor bulk; non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Plain language summary

The prognosis of upfront tumor bulk in DLBCL remains unclear. In this secondary analysis of a phase III trial comparing DA-EPOCH-R to R-CHOP, a significant association between upfront tumor bulk and PFS was not identified.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols* / therapeutic use
  • Cyclophosphamide* / therapeutic use
  • Doxorubicin* / therapeutic use
  • Etoposide* / therapeutic use
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse* / drug therapy
  • Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse* / mortality
  • Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse* / pathology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prednisone* / adverse effects
  • Prednisone* / therapeutic use
  • Prognosis
  • Rituximab* / therapeutic use
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Tumor Burden / drug effects
  • Vincristine* / therapeutic use
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Cyclophosphamide
  • Vincristine
  • Prednisone
  • Rituximab
  • Doxorubicin
  • R-CHOP protocol
  • Etoposide

Supplementary concepts

  • EPOCH protocol