Genetic Alteration of p18INK4C and its Expression in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Were Not Associated With Progression-free Survival of Multiple Myeloma Patients After Autologous Stem Cell Transplant

Anticancer Res. 2024 Sep;44(9):3771-3776. doi: 10.21873/anticanres.17201.

Abstract

Background/aim: The tumor suppressor CDKN2C (also designed as p18INK4C or p18) is deleted in approximately 7% to 40% of multiple myeloma (MM) patients, indicative of its potential association with myeloma pathogenesis.

Materials and methods: A quantitative real-time PCR-based assay was developed to determine p18 deletion in DNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in a cohort of 108 multiple myeloma patients after autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT). Additionally, the p18 mRNA expression level in PBMCs was quantitatively assessed using Taqman® gene expression assays.

Results: p18 was homozygously and hemizygously deleted in PBMCs from 3 (2.8%) and 5 (4.6%) patients, respectively. Neither the p18 deletion nor the p18 mRNA levels in PBMCs were associated with progression-free survival (PFS), 90-day response, and the occurrence of severe mucositis in these patients (all p-values >0.20).

Conclusion: Neither p18 deletion nor p18 mRNA expression in PBMCs can be used as a prognostic biomarker in MM patients.

Keywords: genetic alteration; multiple myeloma; p18INK4C; peripheral blood mononuclear cell; progression-free survival.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics
  • Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p18* / genetics
  • Female
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / methods
  • Humans
  • Leukocytes, Mononuclear* / metabolism
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multiple Myeloma* / genetics
  • Multiple Myeloma* / mortality
  • Multiple Myeloma* / pathology
  • Multiple Myeloma* / therapy
  • Prognosis
  • Progression-Free Survival
  • RNA, Messenger / genetics
  • Transplantation, Autologous*

Substances

  • Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p18
  • CDKN2C protein, human
  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • RNA, Messenger