Compound K14 inhibits bacterial killing and protease activity in Dictyostelium discoideum phagosomes

PLoS One. 2024 Aug 26;19(8):e0309327. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309327. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Phagocytic cells of the mammalian innate immune system play a critical role in protecting the body from bacterial infections. The multiple facets of this encounter (chemotaxis, phagocytosis, destruction, evasion and pathogenicity) are largely recapitulated in the phagocytic amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum. Here we identified a new chemical compound (K14; ZINC19168591) which inhibited intracellular destruction of ingested K. pneumoniae in D. discoideum cells. Concomitantly, K14 reduced proteolytic activity in D. discoideum phagosomes. In kil1 KO cells, K14 lost its ability to inhibit phagosomal proteolysis and to inhibit intra-phagosomal bacterial destruction, suggesting that K14 inhibits a Kil1-dependent protease involved in bacterial destruction. These observations stress the key role that proteases play in bacterial destruction. They also reveal an unsuspected link between Kil1 and phagosomal proteases. K14 can be used in the future as a tool to probe the role of different proteases in phagosomal physiology and in the destruction of ingested bacteria.

MeSH terms

  • Dictyostelium* / enzymology
  • Peptide Hydrolases* / metabolism
  • Phagocytosis / drug effects
  • Phagosomes* / metabolism
  • Proteolysis / drug effects
  • Protozoan Proteins / genetics
  • Protozoan Proteins / metabolism

Substances

  • Peptide Hydrolases
  • Protozoan Proteins

Grants and funding

This work was supported by a grant from the Swiss National Science Foundation (310030_201186 to PC). The funder did not play any role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.