Expectations and transcranial direct current stimulation-induced brain modulation: independent and additive effects on experimental pain

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Pain and Translational Symptom Science, School of Nursing, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States.
• ² Placebo Beyond Opinions Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States.
• ³ Department of Anesthesiology & Psychiatry, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
• ⁴ Center to Advance Chronic Pain Research, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States.