Assessment of Thrombotic Complications among Coronavirus Disease 2019 Positive Hospitalized Patients at One of Government Tertiary Care Centres of Gujarat: A Retrospective Observational Study

Abstract

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to (1) study risk factors of thrombotic complications in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonitis, and (2) study progression of thrombotic complications after COVID-19 pneumonitis and its outcome.

Materials and methods: A total of 50 COVID-19-positive admitted patients were studied using a purposive random sampling method. A questionnaire was used to collect data from patients' case records.

Results: Diabetes (42%) and hypertension (40%) were common comorbidities. The most common presentation of patients was thromboembolism, followed by cerebrovascular accident (CVA) and myocardial infarction (MI). Around 32% of patients died during the course of treatment. Deaths were more commonly seen in the age-group of 56 years or above than in those below 56 years. Death rates were higher among the group of patients with diabetes, hypertension, and ischemic heart diseases than the group of patients without those diseases, respectively. Patients in whom intubation was needed had a higher death rate than those without the need for it. The mean C-reactive protein (CRP) value was higher in patients who died than in those who survived. The death rate was lower in patients who were thrombolysed than in those who were not, in both pulmonary embolism and MI cases.

Conclusion: The most common age-group admitted to the hospital was 46-55 years. The two most common underlying risk factors were diabetes and hypertension. Three common presentations of patients were thromboembolism, followed by CVA and MI. Around 32% of patients died during the course of treatment. Deaths were more commonly seen in the age-group of 56 years or above than in those below 56 years. Death rates were higher among the group of patients with diabetes, hypertension, and ischemic heart diseases than the group of patients without those diseases, respectively. Patients in whom intubation was needed had a higher death rate than those without the need for it. The mean CRP value was higher in patients who died than in those who survived.