Age differences in inducible laryngeal obstruction in adult populations

Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2024 Nov;133(5):574-580. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2024.08.005. Epub 2024 Aug 17.

Abstract

Background: Whereas differences in inducible laryngeal obstruction (ILO) presentation on the basis of age have been observed within pediatric populations, age-based differences in adult populations are lacking.

Objective: To describe differences in ILO on the basis of age in adults.

Methods: Patients aged older than 16 years with confirmed ILO (vocal cord adduction > 50% during inspiration) by means of provocation-challenge rhinolaryngoscopy by their treating allergist were included. An investigator-designed questionnaire was administered using Research Electronic Data Capture with corresponding medical data collection. χ2 tests, Student's t tests, analysis of variance, Cochran-Armitage test for trend, and Fisher's exact test were used.

Results: The median age of the 67 patients was 50 years. P values less than .05 were considered significant. Those aged younger than 50 years (n = 31; mean age 35.6 years) reported more symptoms vs age 50 years and older (n = 36; mean age 61.8 years), including shortness of breath at rest and exertion (84% vs 39%, 94% vs 72%), throat tightness (81% vs 50%), chest tightness (81% vs 47%), and difficulty getting air in (81% vs 56%). Those aged younger than 50 years had an increased history of anxiety (68% vs 33%), asthma (55% vs 31%), positive methacholine challenge (52% vs 22%), increasing triggers with time (87% vs 43%), higher Pittsburgh Vocal Cord Dysfunction Index Scores (6.9 vs 5.5), and inspiratory curve flattening (48% vs 24%). Additional age-based subdivisions confirmed significant trends with the lowest reported ILO characteristics and symptoms in those aged 65 years and older.

Conclusion: A high index of suspicion for ILO should be maintained in older adults since they may report less typical ILO symptoms and anxiety associations that prompt ILO evaluation.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Airway Obstruction* / diagnosis
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Laryngeal Diseases / physiopathology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Young Adult