Effectiveness of Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance for autistic children with developmental coordination disorder

Dev Med Child Neurol. 2025 Feb;67(2):216-222. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.16058. Epub 2024 Aug 14.

Abstract

Aim: To determine if the Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) intervention is effective in improving motor skills of autistic children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD), and whether motor gains are maintained 3 months after therapy.

Method: In this quasi-experimental study, we recruited 27 autistic children (8-12 years) with DCD without intellectual disability. The treatment group received CO-OP intervention once weekly for 10 weeks, focusing on three child-chosen motor goals. The waitlist group received CO-OP 3 months later. Outcome measures included the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (child ratings of motor performance and satisfaction), Performance Quality Rating Scale (therapist-observed movement quality), and the Bruninks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition (motor ability).

Results: Non-parametric analyses showed significant improvements (p < 0.013) in all outcomes. Follow-up analysis revealed significant improvements in performance (p < 0.001, W = 0.69), satisfaction (p < 0.001, W = 0.72), and movement quality (p < 0.001, W = 0.62). Despite slight declines at follow-up, overall improvements from pretest remained evident.

Interpretation: The CO-OP intervention effectively improved motor skills of autistic children.

MeSH terms

  • Autistic Disorder / complications
  • Autistic Disorder / physiopathology
  • Autistic Disorder / rehabilitation
  • Child
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Motor Skills / physiology
  • Motor Skills Disorders* / rehabilitation
  • Occupational Therapy / methods
  • Outcome Assessment, Health Care
  • Treatment Outcome