Objective:To explore the safety and efficacy of airless endoscopic surgery in the treatment of parathyroid diseases. Methods:By retrospective comparison, clinical treatment of 26 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism admitted to the Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery of the Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University from January 2018 to January 2023 were collected. They were divided into traditional group（13 cases） and endoscopic group（13 cases） according to the surgical method. The traditional group underwent traditional open parathyroid surgery, and the endoscopic group underwent airless endoscopic surgery through the subclavian approach. The efficacy, postoperative incision pain, incidence of adverse events, and aesthetic effects of the two groups were evaluated. Results:A total of 26 patients were included, including 13 patients in the traditional group and 13 patients in the endoscopic group. There was no significant difference in the incidence of hypocalcemia and transient hypoparathyroidism on the first day after surgery between the two groups（P>0.05）. No patients with incision pain（>3 points） or swallowing pain were found in both groups after the operation, and they were afraid or unwilling to cough and expel phlegm. There were no significant differences in the amount of blood loss, duration of operation, incidence of temporary recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy and transient hypocalcemia, and postoperative pain score between the two groups. The endoscopic group's scar evaluation score and aesthetic effect satisfaction score at 6 months after surgery were higher than those of the traditional group（P<0.01）. Conclusion:Airless Endoscopic parathyroid surgery via the subclavian approach has good effectiveness and safety, which did not significantly increase the risk of surgery. It can safely remove the lesion and leave no surgical scar on the anterior neck, which has the advantage of a good cosmetic effect. It is a safe and feasible endoscopic parathyroid surgery and can be used as a new choice for patients undergoing parathyroid surgery.
目的：探索免注气胸前入路腔镜手术在甲状旁腺疾病中的安全性及有效性。 方法：采用回顾性同期对照的方法，收集2018年1月-2023年1月在中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科住院行手术治疗的26例原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进患者，根据手术方式将26例患者分为开放组（13例）和腔镜组（13例），开放组患者行传统的颈前切口甲状旁腺手术方式，腔镜组患者行胸前入路免注气腔镜手术方式，比较2组患者的手术疗效、术后切口疼痛、不良事件发生率以及美容效果等指标。 结果：2组的手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间及手术效率差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。同样，2组患者在手术过程中出现的暂时性喉返神经麻痹、暂时性低钙血症发生率及术后疼痛评分差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。在术后6个月的瘢痕评估中，腔镜组的评分（1.7±0.5）显著低于开放组（3.9±0.9），差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。此外，腔镜组的美容效果满意度评分（1.79±0.70）也明显优于开放组（3.15±0.80），差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。结果提示，尽管在手术过程及术后早期恢复方面2组差异不大，但腔镜手术在术后瘢痕及美容效果上有明显优势。 结论：免注气胸前入路腔镜甲状旁腺手术具有较好的有效性及安全性，未显著增加手术风险，在安全切除病灶的同时，颈前不遗留手术瘢痕，具有美容效果好的优势，作为一种安全可行的内镜下甲状旁腺手术，它为甲状旁腺手术患者提供了一个新的、理想的选择。.
Keywords: airless endoscopic surgery; primary hyperparathyroidism; subclavian approach.
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