Efficacy and safety of risankizumab by baseline corticosteroid use and achievement of corticosteroid-free clinical and endoscopic outcomes in patients with moderately to severely active Crohn's disease

Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2024 Oct;60(7):897-906. doi: 10.1111/apt.18184. Epub 2024 Jul 25.

Abstract

Background: Risankizumab is efficacious and well tolerated in adults with moderately to severely active Crohn's disease (CD).

Aim: To evaluate the corticosteroid-sparing effect of risankizumab in CD.

Methods: During the 12-week induction period, patients maintained stable baseline corticosteroid doses, up to 20 mg/day prednisone or equivalent. At week 0 of maintenance, a mandatory corticosteroid taper was started. This post hoc analysis evaluated corticosteroid-free clinical and endoscopic outcomes at week 52 of maintenance; safety was also assessed.

Results: Of 889 patients randomised to induction with risankizumab 600 mg or placebo, 285 (32.1%) were taking baseline concomitant corticosteroids. Week 12 clinical remission and endoscopic response rates were greater for risankizumab 600 mg versus placebo, regardless of concomitant corticosteroid use. At week 52, 66.7%, 50.0% and 41.2% of patients taking risankizumab 180 mg, risankizumab 360 mg and (withdrawal) placebo, respectively, discontinued corticosteroids. Week 52 corticosteroid-free clinical remission per stool frequency/abdominal pain score (risankizumab 180 mg [42.7%] or 360 mg [49.8%]; [withdrawal] placebo [39.0%]), corticosteroid-free clinical remission per Crohn's Disease Activity Index (risankizumab 180 mg [51.0%] or 360 mg [49.5%]; [withdrawal] placebo [40.2%]), and corticosteroid-free endoscopic response (risankizumab 180 mg [44.6%] or 360 mg [44.7%]; [withdrawal] placebo [20.7%]) rates were greater for risankizumab than placebo. Adverse event rates were generally similar, regardless of baseline corticosteroid use.

Conclusions: Efficacy of risankizumab 600 mg induction therapy was independent of concomitant corticosteroid use. Risankizumab 180 and 360 mg maintenance therapy yielded high rates of corticosteroid-free clinical and endoscopic outcomes at week 52.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones / administration & dosage
  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones / therapeutic use
  • Adult
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal* / administration & dosage
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal* / adverse effects
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal* / therapeutic use
  • Crohn Disease* / drug therapy
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prednisone / administration & dosage
  • Prednisone / therapeutic use
  • Remission Induction / methods
  • Severity of Illness Index*
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • risankizumab
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones
  • Prednisone