Antibiotic prescribing patterns among dentists in Italy and Albania: A comparative questionnaire analysis

Heliyon. 2024 Jun 26;10(13):e33575. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33575. eCollection 2024 Jul 15.

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic and prophylactic use of antibiotics in dentistry in two countries.

Methods: This study used questionnaires to examine the prescribing habits of dentists in Italy (9th country in Europe for systemic antibiotic administration) and Albania an Extra European Union Country. A total of 1300 questionnaires were sent to Italian and Albanian dentists.

Results: In total, 180 Italian and 180 Albanian dentists completed the questionnaire. Penicillin use was higher in Italy (96.6 %) than Albania (82.8 %). Only 26.1 % of Italian dentists and 32 % of Albanian dentists followed the national guidelines for antibiotic administration.

Conclusions: Dentists tend to overprescribe antibiotics for treating existing conditions or as prophylaxis. They also highlighted a lack of adherence to established guidelines for antibiotic use. In addition, factors such as age, nationality, and sex appeared to influence the choice of antibiotics.

Clinical significance: Recently, the growth of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has become a global concern. The authors of this article highlight how dentists often prescribe antibiotics without a real need. Limiting the use of antibiotics in this category may help mitigate antibiotic resistance.

Keywords: Antibiotic resistance; Dental antibiotics guideline; Dentistry; Oral infections; Prophylactic antibiotics; Therapeutic antibiotics.