Extreme Oncoplasty: Oncologically Safe When Compared with Mastectomy

Ann Surg Oncol. 2024 Oct;31(11):7284-7288. doi: 10.1245/s10434-024-15791-y. Epub 2024 Jul 13.

Abstract

Background: Extreme oncoplasty is a breast-conserving operation using oncoplastic techniques in a patient who does not meet the traditional criteria for breast conservation and in whom most physicians would suggest a mastectomy. These tumors are generally multicentric and/or multifocal, they span more than 50 mm, or they can be large recurrences in a previously irradiated breast.

Methods: A prospective single institution database was queried from 2008 through mid 2023 for patients who met the criteria for extreme oncoplasty and were treated with excision plus whole-breast radiation therapy (WBRT) or mastectomy without WBRT. Patients with recurrent breast cancer were excluded. Endpoints were local, regional, and distant recurrence as well as overall and breast-cancer-specific survival.

Results: 272 patients were treated with oncoplastic mammaplasty, using a standard or split reduction excision followed by postoperative WBRT. An additional 101 patients elected to be treated with mastectomy without postoperative radiation therapy. With a median follow-up of 7 years, there were no significant differences in local, regional, or distant recurrence, nor in breast-cancer-specific survival or overall survival.

Conclusions: We strongly support extreme oncoplasty plus WBRT as the default procedure of choice for patients with large multifocal/multicentric lesions amenable to reconstruction with volume displacement mammaplasty.

Keywords: Avoiding mastectomy; Extreme oncoplasty; Multifocal/multicentric breast tumors; Oncoplastic breast conservation.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Breast Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Breast Neoplasms* / radiotherapy
  • Breast Neoplasms* / surgery
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Mammaplasty / methods
  • Mastectomy*
  • Mastectomy, Segmental*
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local* / pathology
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local* / surgery
  • Prognosis
  • Prospective Studies
  • Radiotherapy, Adjuvant
  • Survival Rate