The surgical treatment of colorectal cancer will be more and more accurate and minimally invasive under the guidance of precision medicine. At the same time, it will derive and evolve non-surgical paths, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and immune targeted therapy for microsatellite instability high/mismatch repair deficient colorectal cancer, and wait and watch path after neoadjuvant treatment for low advanced rectal cancer. Laparoscopic minimally invasive surgery for colorectal cancer will be gradually iterated by robots, which is the only way to intelligent surgery.
结直肠癌的手术治疗在精准医学理念的引导下，将越来越精准化和微创化，同时将衍生和进化出不依赖手术治疗的路径，如高微卫星不稳定性和错配修复缺陷结直肠癌的免疫检查点抑制剂和免疫靶向治疗、低位直肠癌新辅助治疗后的等待观察等。结直肠癌的微创入路手术将逐渐从腹腔镜手术向机器人手术迭代，这是走向智能外科的必由之路。.