Influence of ethnicity on aesthetic preferences for lip characteristics in Caucasian male and female faces

J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2024 Aug:95:181-189. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2024.06.013. Epub 2024 Jun 11.

Abstract

Background: In an era where globalization and social media significantly reshape beauty standards, it is imperative to delve into the subjectivity of beauty and attractiveness. The lips, a key element in facial aesthetics, contribute significantly to the perception of attractiveness, and also have a profound impact on an individual's self-esteem.

Objective: To analyze the influence of ethnicity on the aesthetic preferences for lip characteristics, among male and female faces.

Materials and methods: This study encompassed a sample of 231 study participants (153 women and 78 men) with an average age of 23.2 ± 2.8 years, representing ethnicities such as African, Caucasian, Middle Eastern, and South Asian. Participants were asked to rate a series of images showcasing various lip variants, providing insights into their aesthetic preferences.

Results: Demographic analysis revealed gender and ethnic variations in aesthetic preferences for all the investigated lip parameters. Women were 2.42 times more likely than men to prefer no Cupid's indentation on a female model (p = 0.0019).

Conclusions: The study underscores the importance of understanding cultural influences on beauty standards and challenges the notion of a universal beauty ideal. The evolving role of social media trends, such as Cupid's bow indentation elimination, raises questions about the dynamic nature of aesthetic preferences among different ethnicities.

Keywords: Aesthetic perception; Ethnicity; Ethnicity influence; Lip volumization.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Beauty*
  • Esthetics*
  • Ethnicity
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lip* / anatomy & histology
  • Male
  • Sex Factors
  • White People* / psychology
  • Young Adult