Electromagnetic Cellularized Patch with Wirelessly Electrical Stimulation for Promoting Neuronal Differentiation and Spinal Cord Injury Repair

Adv Sci (Weinh). 2024 Aug;11(30):e2307527. doi: 10.1002/advs.202307527. Epub 2024 Jun 13.

Abstract

Although stem cell therapy holds promise for the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI), its practical applications are limited by the low degree of neural differentiation. Electrical stimulation is one of the most effective ways to promote the differentiation of stem cells into neurons, but conventional wired electrical stimulation may cause secondary injuries, inflammation, pain, and infection. Here, based on the high conductivity of graphite and the electromagnetic induction effect, graphite nanosheets with neural stem cells (NSCs) are proposed as an electromagnetic cellularized patch to generate in situ wirelessly pulsed electric signals under a rotating magnetic field for regulating neuronal differentiation of NSCs to treat SCI. The strength and frequency of the induced voltage can be controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the magnetic field. The generated pulsed electrical signals promote the differentiation of NSCs into functional mature neurons and increase the proportion of neurons from 12.5% to 33.7%. When implanted in the subarachnoid region of the injured spinal cord, the electromagnetic cellularized patch improves the behavioral performance of the hind limbs and the repair of spinal cord tissue in SCI mice. This work opens a new avenue for remote treatment of SCI and other nervous system diseases.

Keywords: cellularized patch; neural differentiation; neural stem cells; spinal cord injury; wirelessly electrical stimulation.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Differentiation*
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Electric Stimulation / methods
  • Electric Stimulation Therapy / methods
  • Graphite / chemistry
  • Mice
  • Neural Stem Cells*
  • Neurons / physiology
  • Spinal Cord Injuries* / therapy
  • Wireless Technology

Substances

  • Graphite