The role of Zambia's expansive Inter-agency Coordinating Committee (ICC) in supporting evidence-based vaccine and health sector programming

PLOS Glob Public Health. 2024 May 30;4(5):e0002820. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0002820. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

New vaccines, technologies, and regulations, alongside increased demand for vaccines, all require prioritization and coordination from key players within the vaccine sector. Inter-agency Coordinating Committees (ICC) support decision-making and coordination at the national-level and act as key drivers for sustainable improvements in vaccination programming. We utilized a previous qualitative case study, which investigated critical success factors for high routine immunization coverage in Zambia from 2000-2018, specifically to study the Zambian ICC. Qualitative data were collected between October 2019 and February 2020, including key informant interviews (n = 66) at the national, provincial, district, and health facility levels. Thematic analysis was applied to understand the role of the Zambian ICC and its impact on the policy environment over time. Within our study period, the ICC demonstrated the following improvements: 1) expanded membership to include diverse representation; 2) expanded scope and mandate to include maternal and child health in decision-making; and 3) distinct roles for collaboration with the Zambia Immunization Technical Advisory Group (ZITAG). The diverse and expansive membership of the Zambian ICC, along with its ability to foster government commitment and lobby for additional resources, supported improvements in immunization programming. The Zambian ICC holds considerable influence on government agencies and external partners, which facilitates procurement of funding, policy decisions, and strategic planning.

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, grant number OPP1195041 (awarded to MCF); salary support was provided to ZS, KR, KAH, RD, BD, ASE, KRI, WO, MCF, RAB, and a subaward was granted to WK. Pilot and proposal development funds were provided by Gates Ventures (MCF); salary support provided to KH, RAB, MCF. The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and Gates Ventures worked with the study team to provide technical assistance and assembled the Research Advisory Group. All other aspects—i.e., study design, materials, methodology, data collection and analysis, and manuscript writing—were done solely by the study team.