Rapid and simple viral protein detection by functionalized 2D MoS2/graphene electrochemiluminescence aptasensor

Talanta. 2024 Aug 15:276:126293. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126293. Epub 2024 May 20.

Abstract

In this work we present the development of an electrochemiluminescence aptasensor based on electrografting molybdenum disulphide nanosheets functionalized with diazonium salt (MoS2-N2+) upon screen-printed electrodes of graphene (SPEs GPH) for viral proteins detection. In brief, this aptasensor consists of SPEs GPH electrografted with MoS2-N2+ and modified with a thiolated aptamer, which can specifically recognize the target protein analyte. In this case, we have used SARS-CoV-2 spike protein as model protein. Electrochemiluminescence detection was performed by using the [Ru(bpy)3]2+/TPRA (tripropylamine) system, which allows the specific detection of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein easily and rapidly with a detection limit of 9.74 fg/mL and a linear range from 32.5 fg/mL to 50.0 pg/mL. Moreover, the applicability of the aptasensor has been confirmed by the detection of the protein directly in human saliva samples. Comparing our device with a traditional saliva antigen test, our aptasensor can detect the spike protein even when the saliva antigen test gives a negative result.

Keywords: Aptasensor; Covalently linked 2D heterostructures; Electrochemiluminescence; Electrografting; SARS-CoV-2.

MeSH terms

  • Aptamers, Nucleotide* / chemistry
  • Biosensing Techniques* / methods
  • COVID-19 / diagnosis
  • COVID-19 / virology
  • Disulfides* / chemistry
  • Electrochemical Techniques* / methods
  • Electrodes
  • Graphite* / chemistry
  • Humans
  • Limit of Detection
  • Luminescent Measurements* / methods
  • Molybdenum* / chemistry
  • SARS-CoV-2* / immunology
  • SARS-CoV-2* / isolation & purification
  • Saliva / chemistry
  • Saliva / virology
  • Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus* / analysis

Substances

  • Graphite
  • Disulfides
  • Molybdenum
  • molybdenum disulfide
  • Aptamers, Nucleotide
  • spike protein, SARS-CoV-2
  • Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus