Efficacy and Safety of the Melphalan/Hepatic Delivery System in Patients with Unresectable Metastatic Uveal Melanoma: Results from an Open-Label, Single-Arm, Multicenter Phase 3 Study

Ann Surg Oncol. 2024 Aug;31(8):5340-5351. doi: 10.1245/s10434-024-15293-x. Epub 2024 May 4.

Abstract

Background: Uveal melanoma (UM) has a poor prognosis once liver metastases occur. The melphalan/Hepatic Delivery System (melphalan/HDS) is a drug/device combination used for liver-directed treatment of metastatic UM (mUM) patients. The purpose of the FOCUS study was to assess the efficacy and safety of melphalan/HDS in patients with unresectable mUM.

Methods: Eligible patients with mUM received treatment with melphalan (3.0 mg/kg ideal body weight) once every 6 to 8 weeks for a maximum of six cycles. The primary end point was the objective response rate (ORR). The secondary end points included duration of response (DOR), overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS).

Results: The study enrolled 102 patients with mUM. Treatment was attempted in 95 patients, and 91 patients received treatment. In the treated population (n = 91), the ORR was 36.3 % (95 % confidence interval [CI], 26.44-47.01), including 7.7 % of patients with a complete response. Thus, the study met its primary end point because the lower bound of the 95 % CI for ORR exceeded the upper bound (8.3 %) from the benchmark meta-analysis. The median DOR was 14 months, and the median OS was 20.5 months, with an OS of 80 % at 1 year. The median PFS was 9 months, with a PFS of 65 % at 6 months. The most common serious treatment-emergent adverse events were thrombocytopenia (15.8 %) and neutropenia (10.5 %), treated mostly on an outpatient basis with observation. No treatment-related deaths were observed.

Conclusion: Treatment with melphalan/HDS provides a clinically meaningful response rate and demonstrates a favorable benefit-risk profile in patients with unresectable mUM (study funded by Delcath; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02678572; EudraCT no. 2015-000417-44).

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Clinical Trial, Phase III

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating* / administration & dosage
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating* / therapeutic use
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Liver Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Liver Neoplasms* / secondary
  • Male
  • Melanoma* / drug therapy
  • Melanoma* / mortality
  • Melanoma* / pathology
  • Melanoma* / secondary
  • Melphalan* / administration & dosage
  • Middle Aged
  • Prognosis
  • Survival Rate
  • Uveal Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Uveal Neoplasms* / mortality
  • Uveal Neoplasms* / pathology

Substances

  • Melphalan
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating

Supplementary concepts

  • Uveal melanoma

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT02678572