Primary Amenorrhea and Premature Ovarian Insufficiency

Abstract

This review focuses on primary amenorrhea and primary/premature ovarian insufficiency due to hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. Following a thoughtful, thorough evaluation, a diagnosis can usually be discerned. Pubertal induction and ongoing estrogen replacement therapy are often necessary. Shared decision-making involving the patient, family, and health-care team can empower the young person and family to successfully thrive with these chronic conditions.

Keywords: Cancer survivorship; Differences in sex development; Estrogen deficiency; Fertility preservation; Low bone density; Premature ovarian insufficiency; Turner syndrome.