Could a low-dose definitive radiation therapy be the optimal treatment for choroidal hemangioma?

Radiother Oncol. 2024 Jul:196:110282. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2024.110282. Epub 2024 Apr 18.

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the efficacy of low-dose intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT)/volumetric intensity-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) in the treatment of symptomatic choroidal hemangioma (CH).

Materials and methods: Fifty-three consecutive patients with CH were retrospectively reviewed. All the patients underwent IMRT/VMAT as a unique treatment. Resolution of subretinal fluid (SRF), improvement of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and reduction in tumor thickness were compared before and after radiotherapy.

Results: After definitive radiotherapy, 100 % of SRF and 76.7 % of exudative retinal detachment were resolved. 56.6 % of BCVA improvement in more than two lines was observed. The mean best-corrected visual acuity was 20/280 (range, 20/1200-20/40) at diagnosis and 20/100 (range, 20/1200-20/20) after treatment. The mean tumor thickness decreased significantly from 3.8 mm initially to 1.2 mm after treatment (p < 0.01). 66.0 % of patients were delivered with 21.6 Gy (range, 21.6-42 Gy), 84.9 % of fractional dose was 1.8 Gy (range, 1.8-2 Gy). No radiation-induced keratitis, retinopathy, or optic neuropathy were observed. Initial vision (p = 0.042), duration time of vision (p = 0.004), and tumor thickness (p = 0.049) were prognostic factors for vision recovery.

Conclusion: Low-dose IMRT/VMAT could effectively induce involution of the CH, with reduction of subretinal fluid and relief of damage to the neurosensory retina, which is an effective treatment mode for CH.

Keywords: Choroidal hemangioma; Duration time; Initial vision; Intensity-modulated radiation therapy; Tumor thickness; Volumetric intensity-modulated arc therapy.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Choroid Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Choroid Neoplasms* / radiotherapy
  • Female
  • Hemangioma* / radiotherapy
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Radiotherapy Dosage*
  • Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated* / adverse effects
  • Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated* / methods
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Visual Acuity* / radiation effects
  • Young Adult