Association of perioperative transfusion of fresh frozen plasma and outcomes after cardiac surgery

Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2024 Jul;68(6):753-763. doi: 10.1111/aas.14406. Epub 2024 Mar 11.

Abstract

Background: Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusion is used to manage coagulopathy and bleeding in cardiac surgery patients despite uncertainty about its safety and effectiveness.

Methods: We performed a propensity score matched analysis of the Australian and New Zealand Society of Cardiac and Thoracic Surgeons National Cardiac Surgery Database including patients from 39 centres from 2005 to 2018. We investigated the association of perioperative FFP transfusion with mortality and other clinical outcomes.

Results: Of 119,138 eligible patients, we successfully matched 13,131 FFP recipients with 13,131 controls. FFP transfusion was associated with 30-day mortality (odds ratio (OR), 1.41; 99% CI, 1.17-1.71; p < .0001), but not with long-term mortality (hazard ratio (HR), 0.92; 99% CI, 0.85-1.00; p = .007, Holm-Bonferroni α = 0.0004). FFP was also associated with return to theatre for bleeding (OR, 1.97; 99% CI, 1.66-2.34; p < .0001), prolonged intubation (OR, 1.15; 99% CI, 1.05-1.26; p < .0001) and increased chest tube drainage (Mean difference (MD) in mL, 131; 99% CI, 120-141; p < .0001). It was also associated with reduced postoperative creatinine levels (MD in g/L, -6.33; 99% CI, -10.28 to -2.38; p < .0001).

Conclusion: In a multicentre, propensity score matched analysis, perioperative FFP transfusion was associated with increased 30-day mortality and had variable associations with secondary clinical outcomes.

Keywords: cardiac surgery; fresh frozen plasma; mortality; propensity match.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Australia
  • Blood Component Transfusion / statistics & numerical data
  • Blood Transfusion / methods
  • Blood Transfusion / statistics & numerical data
  • Cardiac Surgical Procedures*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • New Zealand
  • Perioperative Care / methods
  • Plasma*
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology
  • Propensity Score
  • Treatment Outcome