The Current State of Neonatal Neurodevelopmental Follow-up Programs in North America: A Children's Hospitals Neonatal Consortium Report

Am J Perinatol. 2024 Oct;41(14):1956-1964. doi: 10.1055/a-2283-8843. Epub 2024 Mar 8.

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to determine neonatal neurodevelopmental follow-up (NDFU) practices across academic centers.

Study design: This study was a cross-sectional survey that addressed center-specific neonatal NDFU practices within the Children's Hospitals Neonatal Consortium (CHNC).

Results: Survey response rate was 76%, and 97% of respondents had a formal NDFU program. Programs were commonly staffed by neonatologists (80%), physical therapists (77%), and nurse practitioners (74%). Median gestational age at birth identified for follow-up was ≤32 weeks (range 26-36). Median duration was 3 years (range 2-18). Ninety-seven percent of sites used Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, but instruments used varied across ages. Scores were recorded in discrete electronic data fields at 43% of sites. Social determinants of health data were collected by 63%. Care coordination and telehealth services were not universally available.

Conclusion: NDFU clinics are almost universal within CHNC centers. Commonalities and variances in practice highlight opportunities for data sharing and development of best practices.

Key points: · Neonatal NDFU clinics help transition high-risk infants home.. · Interdisciplinary neonatal intensive care unit follow-up brings together previously separated outpatient service lines.. · This study reviews the current state of neonatal NDFU in North America..

MeSH terms

  • Aftercare
  • Child Development
  • Child, Preschool
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Gestational Age
  • Hospitals, Pediatric* / organization & administration
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Infant, Premature
  • Male
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders / epidemiology
  • North America