The fully automated Sysmex XN-31 hematology analyzer can detect bloodstream form Trypanosoma brucei

Abstract

Background: For fully automated detection and quantification of Plasmodium parasites, Sysmex developed the XN-31 hemocytometer. This study investigated whether the XN-31 can also detect and quantify bloodstream form trypanosomes (trypomastigotes).

Methods: Axenic cultures of Trypanosoma brucei brucei were used to prepare two dilution series of trypomastigotes in the whole blood of a healthy donor, which were subsequently examined by the XN-31 as well as by microscopic examination of thin and thick blood films. Trypomastigote intactness during the procedures was evaluated by microscopy.

Results: The XN-31 hemocytometer detected trypomastigotes with a detection limit of 26 trypomastigotes/μL. Scattergram patterns of Trypanosoma and Plasmodium parasites were clearly distinct, but current interpretation settings do not allow the identification of trypomastigotes yet, and therefore, need future refinement.

Conclusion: Proof of concept was provided for an automated fluorescent flow cytometry method that can detect and quantify Plasmodium spp., as well as Trypanosoma brucei trypomastigotes.

Keywords: African sleeping sickness; Blood parasites; Fluorescence flow cytometry; Trypanosoma, diagnosis.