Epidemiology of Sarcoidosis

Abstract

Sarcoidosis is a systemic, granulomatous disease with variable presentation earning it the term "the great mimicker." The current epidemiology confirms that the disease occurs worldwide, affecting both sexes, and all races, ethnicities, and ages. To date, no causal exposure or agent has been identified. The organ systems most frequently affected by sarcoidosis are also those with greatest exposure to the natural world suggesting environmental and lifestyle contributions to the disease. These include particulate matter, microorganisms, nicotine, and obesity. In this article, we review the epidemiology of sarcoidosis and discuss these non-genetic risk factors in the hope of providing important insight into sarcoidosis and stimulating future research.

Keywords: BMI; Environment; Epidemiology; Geography; Infection; Sarcoidosis; Smoking.