Static Magnetic Field Reduces Intracellular ROS Levels and Protects Cells Against Peroxide-Induced Damage: Suggested Roles for Catalase

Abstract

A feature in neurodegenerative disorders is the loss of neurons, caused by several factors including oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this work, static magnetic field (SMF) was applied in vitro to evaluate its effect on the viability, proliferation, and migration of human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, and on the toxicity induced by hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP), H₂O₂/sodium azide (NaN₃) and photosensitized oxidations by photodynamic therapy (PDT) photosensitizers. The SMF increased almost twofold the cell expression of the proliferation biomarker Ki-67 compared to control cells after 7 days of exposure. Exposure to SMF accelerated the wound healing of scratched cell monolayers and significantly reduced the H₂O₂-induced and the tBHP-induced cell deaths. Interestingly, SMF was able to revert the effects of NaN₃ (a catalase inhibitor), suggesting an increased activity of catalase under the influence of the magnetic field. In agreement with this hypothesis, SMF significantly reduced the oxidation of DCF-H2, indicating a lower level of intracellular ROS. When the redox imbalance was triggered through photosensitized oxidation, no protection was observed. This observation aligns with the proposed role of catalase in cellular proctetion under SMF. Exposition to SMF should be further validated in vitro and in vivo as a potential therapeutic approach for neurodegenerative disorders.

Keywords: Cell proliferation; External magnetic field; Neuroprotection; Oxidative stress; SH-SY5Y cells.