Assessment of Glycemic Control by Continuous Glucose Monitoring, Hemoglobin A1c, Fructosamine, and Glycated Albumin in Patients With End-Stage Kidney Disease and Burnt-Out Diabetes

Diabetes Care. 2024 Feb 1;47(2):267-271. doi: 10.2337/dc23-1276.

Abstract

Objective: Patients with diabetes and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) may experience "burnt-out diabetes," defined as having an HbA1c value <6.5% without antidiabetic therapy for >6 months. We aim to assess glycemic control by continuous glucose monitoring (Dexcom G6 CGM) metrics and glycemic markers in ESKD patients on hemodialysis with burnt-out diabetes.

Research design and methods: In this pilot prospective study, glycemic control was assessed by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), HbA1c measures, and glycated albumin and fructosamine measurements in patients with burnt-out diabetes (n = 20) and without a history of diabetes (n = 20).

Results: Patients with burnt-out diabetes had higher CGM-measured daily glucose levels, lower percent time in the range 70-180 mg/dL, higher percent time above range (>250 mg/dL), and longer duration of hyperglycemia >180 mg/dL (hours/day) compared with patients without diabetes (all P < 0.01). HbA1c and fructosamine levels were similar; however, patients with burnt-out diabetes had higher levels of glycated albumin than did patients without diabetes.

Conclusions: The use of CGM demonstrated that patients with burnt-out diabetes have significant undiagnosed hyperglycemia. CGM and glycated albumin provide better assessment of glycemic control than do values of HbA1c and fructosamine in patients with ESKD.

MeSH terms

  • Blood Glucose
  • Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring
  • Continuous Glucose Monitoring
  • Diabetes Mellitus* / diagnosis
  • Fructosamine
  • Glycated Hemoglobin
  • Glycated Serum Albumin
  • Glycation End Products, Advanced
  • Glycemic Control
  • Humans
  • Hyperglycemia* / diagnosis
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic* / therapy
  • Prospective Studies
  • Serum Albumin / analysis

Substances

  • Glycated Hemoglobin
  • Blood Glucose
  • Fructosamine
  • Glycated Serum Albumin
  • Glycation End Products, Advanced
  • Serum Albumin