Comprehensive analysis of fresh tea (Camellia sinensis cv. Lingtou Dancong) leaf quality under different nitrogen fertilization regimes

Food Chem. 2024 May 1:439:138127. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138127. Epub 2023 Dec 6.

Abstract

Our study investigated the impact of nitrogen fertilization at 0, 150, 300, and 450 kg/ha on the non-volatile and volatile substances, as well as gene expression in fresh leaves from Lingtou tea plants. We found that applying nitrogen at 450 kg/ha notably increased total polyphenols (TPs) and free amino acids (AAs) while decreasing the TP to AA ratio (TP/AA) and total catechins (TC) contents. Chlorophyll, caffeine (CAF) and theanine accumulated to a greater extent with nitrogen application rates of 150, 300, and 450 kg/ha, respectively, six substances - TP, CAF, TC, theanine, epigallocatechin (EGC), and AA - as key contributors to the taste quality of LTDC. Additionally, five substances with variable importance in projections (VIP) ≥ 1 and odor activation values (OAV) ≥ 1, notably linalool and cis-linalool oxide (furanoid), significantly contributed to the tea's overall aroma. Furthermore, applying 300 kg/ha nitrogen upregulated the dihydroflavonol reductase (DFR)gene, likely causing catechin decrease.

Keywords: Fresh tea leaves; Lingtou Dancong; Nitrogen; Quality; Yield.

MeSH terms

  • Caffeine / analysis
  • Camellia sinensis* / chemistry
  • Catechin* / chemistry
  • Fertilization
  • Nitrogen / analysis
  • Plant Leaves / chemistry
  • Plant Leaves / genetics
  • Tea / chemistry

Substances

  • Tea
  • Nitrogen
  • Caffeine
  • Catechin