Assessment of diaper dermatitis using a novel electronic health record-embedded scale

J Perinatol. 2024 Apr;44(4):501-507. doi: 10.1038/s41372-023-01824-z. Epub 2023 Nov 20.

Abstract

Objective: Quantify the evolution and severity of neonatal skin injury, specifically diaper skin compromise, by embedding a validated skin integrity evaluation into the electronic health record (EHR).

Methods: Retrospective longitudinal cohort analysis of 747 patients stratified by gestation: 22-27, 28-31, 32-24, and 35-37 weeks, from birth to discharge. Primary outcomes were time to first perineal erythema, duration as percent days with erythema, and severity as maximum score. Data were analyzed using generalized linear models and multiple linear regression methods.

Results: Seventy percent had erythema and, of these, 34% had at least one high score with bleeding. Days with erythema ranged from 34-44% (p < 0.05). Days to first erythema were inversely correlated with gestational age. Risks for severe injury included short time to first erythema, 5 or more stools/day, infection, and Caucasian race/ethnicity.

Conclusions: The EHR-based scale can be readily implemented to mitigate diaper skin compromise in premature infants.

MeSH terms

  • Diaper Rash* / diagnosis
  • Electronic Health Records*
  • Erythema / diagnosis
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Skin