Tibiotalar nailing using an antegrade intramedullary tibial nail: a salvage procedure for unstable distal tibia and ankle fractures in the frail elderly patient

Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2024 Feb;34(2):847-852. doi: 10.1007/s00590-023-03735-3. Epub 2023 Sep 24.

Abstract

Aim: This article describes the technique of tibiotalar nailing performed using an antegrade tibial nail for salvage of distal tibia and ankle fractures in elderly patients.

Materials and methods: We report indications, surgical technique, and the clinical outcomes and complication rate in our series to date. A retrospective review was performed at our level 1 major trauma centre. Patient demographics, comorbidities, and 12-month post-operative course were collected. Fractures were classified using the OTA/AO and modified Gustilo-Anderson classification. Fifteen patients underwent the procedure. We present data with a minimum 12-month follow-up. The median age of the patients in this cohort was 83 years (range, 51-102). Five patients were diabetic. Six patients (6/15; 40%) presented with an open fracture.

Results: At final follow-up, fourteen patients reported painless walking and had returned to baseline activity.

Conclusion: This technique may serve as a salvage procedure, with indications similar to those for tibio-talar-calcaneal arthrodesis. Indications would include non-constructible pilon fractures, comminuted intra-articular fractures in low-demand patients, or patients at high risk of wound complications.

Level of clinical evidence: 3.

Keywords: Distal third tibia fracture; Elderly fracture; Frail ankle fracture; Tibial nail; Tibiotalar nailing.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Ankle Fractures* / diagnostic imaging
  • Ankle Fractures* / surgery
  • Bone Nails
  • Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary* / methods
  • Fractures, Comminuted*
  • Frail Elderly
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Tibia / surgery
  • Tibial Fractures* / diagnostic imaging
  • Tibial Fractures* / surgery
  • Treatment Outcome