A national survey of occupational musculoskeletal injuries in cardiothoracic surgeons

J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2024 Aug;168(2):617-625.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2023.08.038. Epub 2023 Sep 1.

Abstract

Objective: There is growing concern that surgeons are at increased risk for work-related orthopedic injuries due to poor ergonomics. We conducted a survey of North American cardiothoracic surgeons to evaluate the prevalence of occupational injury, as well as perceptions and use of ergonomic techniques.

Methods: Cardiothoracic surgeons identified through the Cardiothoracic Surgery Network were asked to complete a 33-question survey assessing their musculoskeletal health, as well as their perceptions and use of ergonomic techniques in the operating room and office.

Results: Among 600 cardiothoracic surgeons, the prevalence of occupational musculoskeletal injuries was 64%, with 30% of affected surgeons requiring time away from work and 20% requiring surgery or the use of narcotics. Cervical spine injury (35%, n = 216) was the most common injury due to operating, followed by lumbar spine injury (30%, n = 180). In multivariable-adjusted analysis, cardiac surgeons were more likely than thoracic surgeons to experience occupational musculoskeletal injuries (adjusted odds ratio, 1.8 [1.2-2.8], P < .01). Notably, 90% of surgeons (n = 536) reported thinking that their institution did not provide sufficient ergonomics education or support, and only 35% (n = 205) thought that the cardiothoracic surgical community is supportive of implementing ergonomics techniques in the operating room and office.

Conclusions: In this survey analysis, cardiothoracic surgeons reported experiencing work-related orthopedic injuries at an alarmingly high rate, leading to significant time away from work and for many to retire from surgery over a decade early. These findings underline a critical need for institutions to prioritize ergonomics education and implement ergonomics-directed techniques in the operating room and office.

Keywords: cardiothoracic surgery; ergonomics; musculoskeletal disorders; occupational injury.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Attitude of Health Personnel
  • Cardiac Surgical Procedures / adverse effects
  • Ergonomics*
  • Female
  • Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Musculoskeletal Diseases / diagnosis
  • Musculoskeletal Diseases / epidemiology
  • Musculoskeletal Diseases / etiology
  • Occupational Diseases* / diagnosis
  • Occupational Diseases* / epidemiology
  • Occupational Diseases* / etiology
  • Occupational Diseases* / prevention & control
  • Occupational Health
  • Occupational Injuries* / epidemiology
  • Occupational Injuries* / etiology
  • Occupational Injuries* / prevention & control
  • Prevalence
  • Risk Factors
  • Surgeons*
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • United States / epidemiology