Genetic variants in the complement system and their potential link in the aetiology of type 1 diabetes

Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2024 Jan;40(1):e3716. doi: 10.1002/dmrr.3716. Epub 2023 Aug 30.

Abstract

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which one's own immune system destroys insulin-secreting beta cells in the pancreas. This process results in life-long dependence on exogenous insulin for survival. Both genetic and environmental factors play a role in disease initiation, progression, and ultimate clinical diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. This review will provide background on the natural history of type 1 diabetes and the role of genetic factors involved in the complement system, as several recent studies have identified changes in levels of these proteins as the disease evolves from pre-clinical through to clinically apparent disease.

Keywords: complement system; major histocompatibility complex; type 1 diabetes.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1* / genetics
  • Humans
  • Insulin / metabolism
  • Insulin-Secreting Cells* / metabolism
  • Pancreas / metabolism

Substances

  • Insulin