Addressing Non-Communicable Diseases in Primary Healthcare in Kyrgyzstan: A Study on Population' Knowledge and Behavioral Changes

Int J Public Health. 2023 Jul 4:68:1605381. doi: 10.3389/ijph.2023.1605381. eCollection 2023.

Abstract

Objective: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Kyrgyzstan are responsible for 83% of all deaths. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of WHO "Package of Essential Interventions on NCDs" (PEN) on health education and counselling at primary healthcare in Kyrgyzstan. Methods: Interventions consisted of information diffusion in primary care facilities and in communities by trained volunteers. The study aimed to assess the evolution of population's knowledge and behaviour through a questionnaire applying a quasi-experimental approach. The sample size was 2,000 at baseline and after 4 years in intervention and control oblasts. Results: Population's knowledge and behaviour improved in intervention areas compared to control areas. Knowledge on NCD-related risks increased from 61% to 87%. Behaviour improved with physical activity increasing from 23% to 32%; smokers reduced from 22% to 20%; alcohol consumption reduced from 23% to 16%; daily walking (minimum 30') improved from 40% to 71%. Conclusion: This study suggests that the PEN-protocol is effective in improving healthy behaviour, thus potentially contributing to prevent NCDs. This example from Kyrgyzstan provides a practical example for promoting PEN-protocol adaptation in other countries.

Keywords: NCDs; PEN-protocol; behaviour change; health education; primary healthcare.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Health Behavior
  • Health Education
  • Humans
  • Kyrgyzstan
  • Noncommunicable Diseases* / prevention & control
  • Primary Health Care

Grants and funding

This study was conducted within the Effective Management and Prevention of NCDs in Kyrgyzstan project financed by the Swiss Development and Cooperation.