Determination of the minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane in Holstein steers

Vet Anaesth Analg. 2023 Sep;50(5):415-420. doi: 10.1016/j.vaa.2023.06.001. Epub 2023 Jun 10.

Abstract

Objective: To determine the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane in Holstein steers using electric stimulation.

Study design: Prospective experimental study.

Animals: A total of 15 Holstein steers aged 7.3 ± 1.2 months and weighing 121 ± 25 kg.

Methods: Animals were anesthetized with sevoflurane at 8% in oxygen at 5 L minute-1 via facemask and were intubated with an orotracheal tube of a compatible size. After 15 minutes of stabilization of the initial expired concentration of sevoflurane (Fe'Sevo) at 2.6%, electrical stimulation on the thoracic limb was initiated with a sequence of 2 × 10 ms followed by 2 × 3 second electrical currents of 50 V and 50 Hz, 5 seconds apart. Following each stimulus with a negative response, the Fe'Sevo was decreased by 0.2% and a 15 minute interval was awaited before the next stimulus. The procedure was repeated until the first Fe'Sevo value with a positive motor response was obtained. The Fe'Sevo was then increased by 0.1%, followed by a new stimulus, until a negative response was obtained. The value of MAC was calculated as the arithmetic mean between the lowest Fe'Sevo associated with a negative motor response and the highest Fe'Sevo associated with a positive response.

Results: The mean MAC for the 15 steers was 2.0 ± 0.3%, which corresponds to 2.1 ± 0.3% at sea level.

Conclusions: Based on the proposed methodology, the MAC of sevoflurane for healthy Holstein steers is 2.1 ± 0.3% at sea level.

Clinical relevance: This Fe'Sevo value can be used to guide depth of anesthesia in steers weighing approximately 120 kg in clinical practice.

Keywords: bovine; inhalation anesthesia; ruminants; steers.

MeSH terms

  • Anesthesia* / veterinary
  • Anesthetics, Inhalation*
  • Animals
  • Methyl Ethers*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Pulmonary Alveoli
  • Sevoflurane

Substances

  • Sevoflurane
  • Methyl Ethers
  • Anesthetics, Inhalation