DMSO-Assisted K3 PO4 -Catalyzed Cooperative Metal-Free, Base-Free Etherification of Chloroheteroarenes at Low Temperature

Abstract

Etherification of chloroheteroarenes was performed at low temperatures under metal-free, ligand-free and base-free conditions, that is, the reaction is promoted by the cooperative effect of DMSO (solvent) as a promoter and K₃ PO₄ providing the catalytic surface (rather than a base). The protocol exhibits good substrate scope under mild reaction conditions and has also been explored mechanistically.

Keywords: Base-free; Chloroheteroarenes; Etherification; Metal-free; Regioselectivity.