Venous thromboembolism (VTE), which includes deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, is the third most common cardiovascular disease. Unprovoked VTE can be the initial presentation of occult cancer. Up to 10% of patients with unprovoked VTE are diagnosed with cancer within a year. Cancer screening in patients with unprovoked VTE is beneficial for early cancer diagnosis and treatment, which may theoretically reduce cancer-related morbidity and mortality. The epidemiology of occult cancer in patients with unprovoked VTE, screening strategies originated from evidence-based medicine, risk factors of cancer and different models of risk assessment are reviewed in this article.
静脉血栓栓塞症（VTE）包括深静脉血栓形成和肺栓塞，是第三大最常见的心血管疾病。无诱因VTE常常是恶性肿瘤的首发表现，有研究表明，高达10%的无诱因VTE患者在确诊后1年内发现恶性肿瘤。对无诱因VTE患者进行肿瘤筛查，使潜在肿瘤患者得到早期诊断、早期治疗，理论上可降低肿瘤相关患病率和病死率。本文就VTE患者潜在肿瘤的流行病学、目前筛查策略的循证医学研究、肿瘤的危险因素及风险评估模型等进行综述。.