Association of Serum Prolactin Levels with Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus & its Correlation with Diabetic Nephropathy

Abstract

Introduction: As per 2015 IDF estimate, 415 million adults were affected by diabetes, by 2040 this figure is expected to rise to 642 million. As per estimates 20-40% of diabetic patients develop diabetic nephropathy.

Aim: The present study was conducted to establish the relationship between S. prolactin level with glycemic control in Type 2 DM & its association with Diabetic Nephropathy.

Materials: A cross sectional study was conducted on 100 diabetic patients at OPD/IPD in SRN Hospital affiliated to MLN Medical college, Prayagraj between July 2021 & August 2022. Blood samples were taken to estimate CBC, HbA1C, FBS, PPBS, S. Prolactin, S. creatinine, S. lipid profile. UACR & Urine R/M was done. USG whole abdomen with KUB was done to assess kidney size and echotexture. Data was collected, entered in MS Excel Spreadsheet & appropriate statistical package was applied.

Result: Out of 100 diabetic patients, 37 patients (37%) had diabetic nephropathy. Diabetic nephropathy patients had significantly lower Hb, eGFR & significantly higher S. creatinine & UACR levels. Serum prolactin levels of patients with Diabetic nephropathy was significantly higher as compared to those without diabetic nephropathy (53.36±13.45 vs. 12.67±7.84 ng/ml). Among diabetic patients without diabetic nephropathy, S. prolactin levels of patients with good glycemic control was significantly higher than that of poor glycemic control for all glycemic parameters i.e. HbA1c (19.48±5.29 vs. 11.23±7.56 ng/ml), FBS (21.88±7.23 vs. 9.53±5.13 ng/ml) & PPBS (21.86±6.45 vs. 8.39±3.60 ng/ml) but was still within normal range for the study population.'

Conclusion: Patients with diabetic nephropathy had higher S. prolactin level, so it can be used as a surrogate marker for assessing progression of diabetic nephropathy. References Fard AA, Abbasnezhad P, Makhdomi K, et al. Association of serum prolactin concentrations with renal failure in diabetic patients. Rom J Diabetes Nutr Metab Dis 2017;24(3):179-185. Chahar C, Chahar K, Ankit BS, et al. Association of serum prolactin level with impaired glucose regulation and diabetes. J Assoc Physicians India 2017;65(3):34-39.