Characterization of key aroma compounds in aged Qingxiangxing baijiu by comparative aroma extract dilution analysis, quantitative measurements, aroma recombination, and omission studies

Food Chem. 2023 Sep 1:419:136027. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136027. Epub 2023 Mar 28.

Abstract

Aging aroma is an intriguing but an understudied phenomenon in baijiu. The aromatic characteristics of Qingxiangxing (QXX) baijiu stored for 45 years (aged) were investigated using the sensomics approach and were compared with those of young baijiu (0 year-old). Aroma extract dilution analysis revealed 59 odorants, with many long-retained components exhibiting greater flavor dilution values in the aged than the young sample. The analysis of variance of the quantitative data showed significant differences between the young and aged baijiu for 26 compounds. Based on the variations in the content of these compounds, QXX baijiu aged for 0, 5, 15, 20, and 45 years was analyzed and twelve compounds were significantly correlated with aging duration. Finally, eight positively correlated compounds were omitted from the recombinant model, and sotolon, methional, vanillin, dimethyl trisulfide, benzaldehyde, and 3-hydroxy-2-butanone were confirmed to primarily contribute toward the aging aroma of QXX baijiu.

Keywords: Aroma; Aroma extract dilution analysis; Baijiu aging; Odor activity value; Omission test.

MeSH terms

  • Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
  • Indicator Dilution Techniques
  • Odorants* / analysis
  • Plant Extracts
  • Volatile Organic Compounds* / analysis

Substances

  • Volatile Organic Compounds
  • Plant Extracts