Based on ARASENS trial: efficacy and safety of darolutamide as an emerging option of endocrinotherapy for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer-an updated systematic review and network meta-analysis

J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2023 Aug;149(10):7017-7027. doi: 10.1007/s00432-023-04658-6. Epub 2023 Mar 1.

Abstract

Purpose: The newly published ARASENS trial has demonstrated the clinical efficacy of darolutamide for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). However, the use of darolutamide as the latest first-line androgen receptor pathway inhibitor for mHSPC has not been compared with other androgen receptor targeted agents (ARTAs). Given the lack of head-to-head randomized trials, we performed this updated meta-analysis to conduct indirect comparison for the efficacy and safety of darolutamide with other new-generation ARTAs.

Methods: By searching the databases of PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Embase, 9 large randomized controlled trials evaluating ARTAs for mHSPC patients were eventually screened according to PRISMA. We extracted data from overall survival, castration-resistant progression, and adverse events for network meta-analysis using the Bayesian and standard frequentist models.

Results: Darolutamide combination emerged with superiority (HR = 0.68, 95%CrI = 0.57-0.81) among four androgen receptor inhibitors for patients with high Gleason score (HR = 0.71, 95%CrI = 0.59-0.86). Darolutamide was best tolerated in several androgen suppression-related adverse events (AEs).

Conclusion: Darolutamide appears to be an optional androgen receptor inhibitor for mHSPC patients, especially for patients with Gleason score ≥ 8. Its well-tolerated characteristic may provide a preferred drug option for patients with poor cardiovascular function and bone health.

Keywords: Androgen receptor targeted agents; Androgen suppression; Darolutamide; Network meta-analysis; mHSPC.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis
  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Androgen Antagonists / therapeutic use
  • Androgen Receptor Antagonists / adverse effects
  • Bayes Theorem
  • Hormones
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Network Meta-Analysis
  • Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant* / drug therapy
  • Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant* / pathology
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Receptors, Androgen* / metabolism

Substances

  • Receptors, Androgen
  • darolutamide
  • Androgen Receptor Antagonists
  • Hormones
  • Androgen Antagonists