Objective: To investigate the features of morphological and functional parameters of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in patients with systemic light chain (AL) amyloidosis, and the prognostic values of these related parameters. Methods: The data of 97 patients (including 56 males and 41 females, aged 36 to 71 years) with AL amyloidosis from April 2016 to August 2019 in the General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent CMR examination. Those patients were divided into survival (n=76) and death groups (n=21) according to the clinical outcomes, and the differences in clinical baseline and CMR parameters between the two groups were analyzed and compared. A smooth curve fitting was used to analyze the association between morphological and functional parameters and extracellular volume (ECV), and Cox regression models were conducted to explore the association between related parameters and mortality. Results: The left ventricular global function index (LVGFI), myocardial contraction fraction (MCF) and stroke volume index (SVI) decreased with increasing ECV [β (95%CI) was -0.566 (-0.685--0.446), -1.201 (-1.424--0.977), -0.149 (-0.293--0.004), respectively;all P<0.05]. Left ventricular mass index (LVMI), and diastolic left ventricular global peak wall thickness (LVGPWT) increased with increasing ECV [β(95%CI) was 1.440 (1.142-1.739), 0.190 (0.147-0.233), respectively;both P<0.001]. While left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) began to decrease only at higher amyloid burden (β=-0.460, 95%CI:-0.639--0.280, P<0.001). The median follow-up time was 39 months (range 2-64 months), and 21 patients died during the follow-up period. The estimated survival rates according to Kaplan-Meier curves at 1, 3, and 5 years were 92.8%, 78.7%, and 77.1%, respectively. MCF<39% (HR=10.266, 95%CI: 4.093-25.747) and LVGFI<26% (HR=9.267, 95%CI: 3.705-23.178) were independent risk factors for death in patients with AL amyloidosis after adjusting for other CMR parameters (P<0.001). Conclusion: Multiple morphologic and functional parameters of CMR vary with the increase of ECV. MCF<39% and LVGFI<26% were independent risk factors for death.
目的： 探讨系统性轻链（AL）型淀粉样变性患者的心脏磁共振（CMR）形态学和功能参数特征，以及相关参数对于患者的预后预测价值。 方法： 回顾性分析2016年4月至2019年8月南京大学医学院附属金陵医院97例AL型淀粉样变性患者的资料，其中男56例，女41例，年龄36~71（54±8）岁。患者均接受CMR检查。根据患者临床结局，将患者分为存活组（76例）和死亡组（21例），分析比较两组间临床基线和CMR参数的差异。使用平滑曲线拟合分析形态学和功能参数与细胞外间质容积分数（ECV）之间的关联，利用Cox回归模型探讨影响患者生存预后的相关参数。 结果： 平滑曲线拟合分析提示左心室整体功能指数（LVGFI）、心肌收缩分数（MCF）、每搏输出量指数（SVI）随着ECV的升高而降低［β值（95%CI）分别为-0.566（-0.685~-0.446）、-1.201（-1.424~-0.977）、-0.149（-0.293~-0.004）；均P<0.05］。左心室心肌质量指数（LVMI）、舒张期最大左心室壁厚度（LVGPWT）随着ECV的升高而增大［β值（95%CI）分别为1.440（1.142~1.739）、0.190（0.147~0.233）；均P<0.001］，左心室射血分数（LVEF）仅在较高淀粉样蛋白负荷时才开始出现下降趋势（β=-0.460，95%CI：-0.639~-0.280；P<0.001）。中位随访时间39个月（范围2~64个月），随访期间死亡21例。患者1、3、5年Kaplan-Meier曲线估计的生存率分别为92.8%、78.7%、77.1%。MCF<39%（HR=10.266，95%CI：4.093~25.747）和LVGFI<26%（HR=9.267，95%CI：3.705~23.178）在校正其余对死亡有预测意义的磁共振参数后是影响AL型淀粉样变性患者预后的危险因素（均P<0.001）。 结论： CMR多种形态学和功能参数随着ECV升高而变化，MCF<39%和LVGFI<26%为影响患者生存的危险因素。.