Investigating Genetic Determinants of Plasma Inositol Status in Adult Humans

J Nutr. 2022 Nov;152(11):2333-2342. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxac204. Epub 2022 Sep 2.

Abstract

Background: Myo-inositol (MI) is incorporated into numerous biomolecules, including phosphoinositides and inositol phosphates. Disturbance of inositol availability or metabolism is associated with various disorders, including neurological conditions and cancers, whereas supplemental MI has therapeutic potential in conditions such as depression, polycystic ovary syndrome, and congenital anomalies. Inositol status can be influenced by diet, synthesis, transport, utilization, and catabolism.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate potential genetic regulation of circulating MI status and to evaluate correlation of MI concentration with other metabolites.

Methods: GC-MS was used to determine plasma MI concentration of >2000 healthy, young adults (aged 18-28 y) from the Trinity Student Study. Genotyping data were used to test association of plasma MI with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate genes, encoding inositol transporters and synthesizing enzymes, and test for genome-wide association. We evaluated potential correlation of plasma MI with d-chiro-inositol (DCI), glucose, and other metabolites by Spearman rank correlation.

Results: Mean plasma MI showed a small but significant difference between males and females (28.5 and 26.9 μM, respectively). Candidate gene analysis revealed several nominally significant associations with plasma MI, most notably for SLC5A11 (solute carrier family 5 member 11), encoding a sodium-coupled inositol transporter, also known as SMIT2 (sodium-dependent myo-inositol transporter 2). However, these did not survive correction for multiple testing. Subsequent testing for genome-wide association with plasma MI did not identify associations of genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10-8). However, 8 SNPs exceeded the threshold for suggestive significant association with plasma MI concentration (P < 1 × 10-5), 3 of which were located within or close to genes: MTDH (metadherin), LAPTM4B (lysosomal protein transmembrane 4 β), and ZP2 (zona pellucida 2). We found significant positive correlation of plasma MI concentration with concentration of dci and several other biochemicals including glucose, methionine, betaine, sarcosine, and tryptophan.

Conclusions: Our findings suggest potential for modulation of plasma MI in young adults by variation in SLC5A11, which is worthy of further investigation.

Keywords: chiro-inositol; genome-wide association study; glucose; inositol transporter; mass spectrometry; myo-inositol.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural

MeSH terms

  • Diet
  • Female
  • Genome-Wide Association Study
  • Glucose
  • Humans
  • Inositol* / blood
  • Male
  • Membrane Proteins / metabolism
  • Membrane Transport Proteins
  • Oncogene Proteins / metabolism
  • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome*
  • RNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism
  • Sodium-Glucose Transport Proteins / therapeutic use
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Glucose
  • Inositol
  • LAPTM4B protein, human
  • Membrane Proteins
  • Membrane Transport Proteins
  • MTDH protein, human
  • Oncogene Proteins
  • RNA-Binding Proteins
  • SLC5A11 protein, human
  • Sodium-Glucose Transport Proteins