Transfrontal Approach to the Amygdala for Ablation With Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy: An Epilepsy Case Report

Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown). 2023 May 1;24(5):e381-e384. doi: 10.1227/ons.0000000000000576. Epub 2023 Jan 2.

Abstract

Background and importance: Stereotactic laser amygdalohippocampotomy (SLAH) using laser interstitial thermal therapy is a minimally invasive surgery used to treat mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. It uses laser probes inserted through occipital and temporo-occipital trajectories to ablate the hippocampus and amygdala. However, these trajectories are limited in their ability to ablate the superior amygdala and entorhinal cortex (ERC). We present a trajectory through the middle frontal gyrus as an alternative to the temporo-occipital trajectory, which provides more complete ablation of the amygdala and anterior ERC through a single pass.

Clinical presentation: A 70-year-old woman with seizures characterized by fear were localized to the left superomedial amygdala on intracranial electroencephalography. They developed after resection of a left temporal arteriovenous malformation and were refractory to medication. Her age and prior craniotomy made open resection less desirable. A frontal and occipital SLAH achieved Engel 1a at 1-year follow-up without decline in neuropsychological performance scores.

Conclusion: Typical SLAH uses trajectories that have limited ability to ablate the superior and medial amygdala and ERC in a single passage. A combined approach using an occipital and frontal trajectory allows more complete ablation of the amygdala, hippocampus, and ERC.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Amygdala / diagnostic imaging
  • Amygdala / surgery
  • Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe* / surgery
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Laser Therapy*
  • Lasers
  • Stereotaxic Techniques