Meta-analysis of personal and familial co-occurrence of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Bipolar Disorder

Elie Khoury; Eric Acquaviva; Diane Purper-Ouakil; Richard Delorme; Pierre Ellul

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105050

Meta-analysis of personal and familial co-occurrence of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Bipolar Disorder

Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2023 Mar:146:105050. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105050. Epub 2023 Jan 17.

Authors

Elie Khoury¹, Eric Acquaviva², Diane Purper-Ouakil³, Richard Delorme⁴, Pierre Ellul⁵

Affiliations

¹ Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debré Hospital, APHP, 48 boulevard Sérurier, 75019 Paris, France. Electronic address: elie.khoury@aphp.fr.
² Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debré Hospital, APHP, 48 boulevard Sérurier, 75019 Paris, France. Electronic address: eric.acquaviva@apfp.fr.
³ CHU Montpellier-Saint Eloi Hospital, University of Montpellier, Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (MPEA1), 80 Av. Augustin Fliche, 34090 Montpellier, France; INSERM CESP U 1018 Psychiatry, Development and Trajectories, France. Electronic address: d-purper_ouakil@chu-montpellier.fr.
⁴ Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debré Hospital, APHP, 48 boulevard Sérurier, 75019 Paris, France; Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. Electronic address: richard.delorme@aphp.fr.
⁵ Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debré Hospital, APHP, 48 boulevard Sérurier, 75019 Paris, France; INSERM Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), UMRS 959, Paris, France. Electronic address: pierre.ellul@aphp.fr.

PMID: 36657649
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105050

Abstract

Background: Attention Deficit Disorder / Hyperactivity (ADHD) and Bipolar Disorder (BD) are highly comorbid disorders. Studies have raised the hypothesis of shared genetic, neurobiological, and clinical factors. This would entail an excess risk of co-occurrence of both disorders.

Objective: We present the first meta-analysis of individual and familial associations between ADHD and BD.

Methods: From 2688 references, 59 were included, with a total of 550,379 ADHD patients, 57,799 BD patients and 12,608,137 controls.

Results: Personal history of ADHD increased the risk of BD (OR = 6.06), and conversely individuals with BD had an increased risk of ADHD (OR = 8.94). First-degree relatives of ADHD patients had an increased risk of BD (OR = 1.94). Offspring of individuals with BD had a higher risk for ADHD (OR = 2.33). Finally, first-degree relatives of BD patients had an increased risk of ADHD (OR = 2.71).

Conclusion: We show a clear epidemiological overlap between ADHD and BD, as well as a strong familial association which advocates in favor of a more systematic screening.

Keywords: ADHD; Bipolar disorder; Co-occurrence; Prevalence.

Publication types

Meta-Analysis
Review

MeSH terms

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity* / epidemiology
Bipolar Disorder* / genetics
Comorbidity
Humans
Neurobiology